Test your knowledge of human reproduction with these multiple-choice questions covering all aspects of the chapter.
First, read the main notes on Human Reproduction, then try to answer the questions below without looking back!
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Showing questions 41 - 60 of 86
41. When does the primary oocyte within the tertiary follicle complete its first meiotic division?
It is important to draw your attention that it is at this stage that the primary oocyte within the tertiary follicle grows in size and completes its first meiotic division.
42. The completion of the first meiotic division of the primary oocyte results in the formation of:
It is an unequal division resulting in the formation of a large haploid secondary oocyte and a tiny first polar body.
43. The mature follicle from which the secondary oocyte is released during ovulation is known as the:
The tertiary follicle further changes into the mature follicle or Graafian follicle.
44. The process of releasing the secondary oocyte (ovum) from the ovary by the rupture of the Graafian follicle is called:
The Graafian follicle now ruptures to release the secondary oocyte (ovum) from the ovary by the process called ovulation.
45. The first menstruation, which begins at puberty, is termed as:
The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called menarche.
46. What is the average interval of the menstrual cycle in human females?
In human females, menstruation is repeated at an average interval of about 28/29 days.
47. During which phase of the menstrual cycle does menstrual flow occur due to the breakdown of the endometrial lining?
The cycle starts with the menstrual phase, when menstrual flow occurs and it lasts for 3-5 days. The menstrual flow results due to breakdown of endometrial lining of the uterus and its blood vessels.
48. Menstruation occurs only if:
Menstruation only occurs if the released ovum is not fertilised.
49. During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, primary follicles grow into a mature Graafian follicle, and simultaneously, the endometrium of the uterus:
During this phase, the primary follicles in the ovary grow to become a fully mature Graafian follicle and simultaneously the endometrium of uterus regenerates through proliferation.
50. The rapid secretion of LH leading to its maximum level during the mid-cycle (about 14th day) is called:
Both LH and FSH attain a peak level in the middle of cycle (about 14th day). Rapid secretion of LH leading to its maximum level during the mid-cycle called LH surge induces rupture of Graafian follicle and thereby the release of ovum (ovulation).
51. Following ovulation, the remaining parts of the Graafian follicle transform into a structure called the:
The ovulation (ovulatory phase) is followed by the luteal phase during which the remaining parts of the Graafian follicle transform as the corpus luteum.
52. Which hormone secreted by the corpus luteum is essential for the maintenance of the endometrium and pregnancy?
The corpus luteum secretes large amounts of progesterone which is essential for maintenance of the endometrium. Such an endometrium is necessary for implantation of the fertilised ovum and other events of pregnancy.
53. What happens to the menstrual cycle during pregnancy?
During pregnancy all events of the menstrual cycle stop and there is no menstruation.
54. The cessation of menstrual cycles around 50 years of age in human beings is termed as:
In human beings, menstrual cycles ceases around 50 years of age; that is termed as menopause.
55. Where does fertilisation typically take place in the human female reproductive system?
The ovum released by the ovary is also transported to the ampullary region where fertilisation takes place.
56. The process of fusion of a sperm with an ovum is called:
The process of fusion of a sperm with an ovum is called fertilisation.
57. During fertilisation, the ovum's membrane undergoes changes to ensure that:
During fertilisation, a sperm comes in contact with the zona pellucida layer of the ovum and induces changes in the membrane that block the entry of additional sperms. Thus, it ensures that only one sperm can fertilise an ovum.
58. The entry of the sperm into the cytoplasm of the ovum induces the completion of which meiotic division of the secondary oocyte?
This induces the completion of the meiotic division of the secondary oocyte. The second meiotic division is also unequal and results in the formation of a second polar body and a haploid ovum (ootid).
59. Scientifically, the sex of the baby is determined by the:
The zygote would carry either XX or XY depending on whether the sperm carrying X or Y fertilised the ovum. The zygote carrying XX would develop into a female baby and XY would form a male. That is why, scientifically it is correct to say that the sex of the baby is determined by the father and not by the mother!.
60. The zygote undergoes repeated mitotic divisions as it moves through the isthmus of the oviduct. The embryo with 8 to 16 blastomeres is called a:
The mitotic division starts as the zygote moves through the isthmus of the oviduct called cleavage towards the uterus and forms 2, 4, 8, 16 daughter cells called blastomeres. The embryo with 8 to 16 blastomeres is called a morula.