Reproductive Health: MCQ Test

41. Which of the following are valid grounds for termination of pregnancy under The Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act, 2017?

• The continuation of the pregnancy would involve a risk to the life of the pregnant woman or of grave injury physical or mental health.
• There is a substantial risk that if the child were born, it would suffer from such physical or mental abnormalities as to be seriously handicapped.
• Both (a) and (b)
• Only due to unwanted casual unprotected intercourse.

42. Infections or diseases transmitted through sexual intercourse are collectively called by which terms?

• Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)
• Venereal Diseases (VD)
• Reproductive Tract Infections (RTI)
• All of the above

43. Which of the following STIs cannot be completely cured if detected early and treated properly?

• Gonorrhoea
• Syphilis
• Genital herpes, Hepatitis-B, and HIV infections
• Chlamydiasis

44. Besides sexual intercourse, how can Hepatitis-B and HIV infections also be transmitted?

• By sharing injection needles, surgical instruments, etc., with infected persons
• Through transfusion of blood
• From an infected mother to the foetus
• All of the above

45. What are some common early symptoms of STIs?

• Severe abdominal pain and fever
• Itching, fluid discharge, slight pain, swellings, etc., in the genital region
• Hair loss and skin rashes all over the body
• Sudden weight gain and fatigue

46. Why do infected females often remain undetected for long regarding STIs?

• They develop severe symptoms very quickly.
• They are usually asymptomatic or have less significant symptoms in the early stages.
• They have natural immunity to STIs.
• They always seek timely treatment.

47. Which age group is reported to have very high incidences of STIs?

• 0-14 years
• 15-24 years
• 25-40 years
• Over 40 years

48. What are the simple principles to prevent contracting STIs?

• Avoid sex with unknown/multiple partners
• Always try to use condoms during coitus
• Go to a qualified doctor for early detection and complete treatment in case of doubt
• All of the above

49. Infertility is defined as the inability to produce children despite unprotected sexual co-habitation. What are some of the reasons for infertility?

• Physical, congenital, diseases, drugs, immunological, or even psychological reasons
• Always due to abnormalities/defects in the female partner
• Only due to genetic disorders in the male
• Primarily due to dietary deficiencies

50. In India, who is often blamed for a couple being childless, and where does the problem more often lie?

• The male partner is always blamed; problem lies with female.
• The female is often blamed; but more often than not, the problem lies in the male partner.
• Both partners are equally blamed; problem lies with both.
• Neither is blamed; problem is always genetic.

51. What is the popular name for the In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) and Embryo Transfer (ET) method?

• Surrogacy programme
• Test tube baby programme
• Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer (GIFT)
• Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)

52. In the 'test tube baby programme', where are the zygote or early embryos (with up to 8 blastomeres) transferred?

• Into the uterus (IUT)
• Into the fallopian tube (ZIFT)
• Into the ovary
• Into the vagina

53. Which assisted reproductive technology involves the transfer of an ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube of another female who cannot produce one but can provide a suitable environment for fertilisation?

• Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer (ZIFT)
• Intra Uterine Transfer (IUT)
• Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer (GIFT)
• Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)

54. Which specialised procedure involves directly injecting a sperm into the ovum to form an embryo in the laboratory?

• Artificial Insemination (AI)
• Intra Uterine Insemination (IUI)
• Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
• In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF)

55. What technique is used to correct infertility cases either due to the inability of the male partner to inseminate the female or due to very low sperm counts in the ejaculates?

• Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer (GIFT)
• Artificial Insemination (AI)
• Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
• Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer (ZIFT)

56. What is considered one of the best methods for couples looking for parenthood, especially given the number of orphaned and destitute children in India?

• Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART)
• Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP)
• Legal adoption
• Contraceptive methods

57. Which statement about contraceptive methods is true?

• They are regular requirements for the maintenance of reproductive health.
• They are practiced against a natural reproductive event, i.e., conception/pregnancy.
• Their possible ill-effects like nausea or breast cancer are insignificant and can be ignored.
• They are primarily used to treat STIs.

58. Which of the following complications are associated with Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) if not detected early and treated properly?

• Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases (PID)
• Abortions, still births, ectopic pregnancies, infertility
• Cancer of the reproductive tract
• All of the above

59. Why are strong infrastructural facilities, professional expertise, and material support essential for reproductive health?

• To provide medical assistance and care to people in reproduction-related problems like pregnancy, delivery, STDs, abortions, contraception, menstrual problems, infertility, etc.
• To conduct research on new contraceptive methods.
• To create awareness among people through media.
• To implement statutory bans on certain practices.

60. When taking oral contraceptive pills, for how many days are they typically taken, starting preferably within the first five days of the menstrual cycle?

• 7 days
• 14 days
• 21 days
• 28 days